The legal medical cannabis industry is booming, but workplace policies haven’t exactly kept up. Depending on where you live and what you do for a living, that THC gummy or vape pen could either be your ticket to health—or a one-way trip to unemployment.

So what’s the deal? Can you legally use medical cannabis and still keep your job? Let’s break it down.

Federal vs. State Law: The Messy Reality

Even though medical and recreational cannabis laws have changed dramatically in recent years, federal law still classifies cannabis as a Schedule I drug, which means it’s treated the same as heroin (yes, it’s ridiculous). This means federal employees and anyone working for a company that follows federal regulations (like those in the transportation or healthcare industries) are out of luck—cannabis use is a fireable offense.

For everyone else, it depends on state law and company policy. Some states have protections in place for medical cannabis users, meaning employers can’t discriminate based on a legitimate prescription. Others allow employers to test for THC and enforce zero-tolerance policies, even if cannabis use is legal outside of work.

Drug Testing: The Outdated Standard

One of the biggest issues with workplace cannabis policies? Standard drug tests don’t measure impairment—just past use. Unlike alcohol, which leaves your system quickly, THC metabolites can linger for days or even weeks after consumption, meaning someone who used cannabis legally on their own time can still test positive long after the effects have worn off.

Some states are addressing this by banning pre-employment drug tests for cannabis (looking at you, New York and California), but the stigma remains in many industries.

What You Can Do

If you’re a medical cannabis patient or just someone who enjoys cannabis responsibly, here’s how to protect yourself:

• Know your state’s laws: Some states protect employees who use medical cannabis, while others don’t. If you’re in a recreational-use state, check whether your employer has a specific cannabis policy.
• Read your company’s handbook: Even if cannabis is legal where you live, company policy often dictates whether you can be fired for it.
• Be discreet: If your job isn’t cannabis-friendly, be mindful of when and how you use it. And if your employer does random drug tests, you might want to reconsider that pre-work vape session.
• Advocate for better policies: If you work for a progressive company, consider having an open dialogue about revising outdated drug-testing policies.

The Bottom Line

Workplace cannabis policies are still catching up to legalization, and the best way to protect yourself is to be informed. Until federal laws change, cannabis users will have to navigate a patchwork of outdated regulations, employer biases, and unpredictable drug testing policies.